Device previews: Beaver Builder, Customizer, and beyond
There are so many different devices of every size out there that it's much easier to preview your site using a device simulator or emulator, and there are many of those around. The following list is ordered in terms of the likelihood of your pages being accurately rendered with all their customizations, and why in technical terms.
Beaver Builder Tools > Preview and WordPress Customizer device preview
In the Beaver Builder editor, using the keyboard shortcut P or clicking Preview in the Tools menu opens a preview of the page rendered in an iframe. This is the same as clicking the WordPress device preview icons at the bottom of the Customizer panel.
Rendering in an iframe means the preview is as accurate as resizing a browser window. However, resizing a browser window isn't always an accurate representation of what you'll see on smaller devices.
Using Beaver Builder preview on the Advanced tab
In the Beaver Builder editor, for margin and padding settings on the Advanced tab of rows, columns, and modules, there is an icon to toggle the views from large to medium to small screen. This preview is not rendered in an iframe and may not be as accurate as using Tools > Preview, but it may be adequate for a quick look, and you can change the settings for each device size.
As an alternative, from the Tools menu you can enter Responsive Design editing to view and edit the layouts for medium and small screen widths. See this article for a detailed example of Responsive Design editing.
Browser preview
Most browsers have preview-by-device simulation capabilities. For example, in Google Chrome in the Developer Tools panel, you can toggle Device Mode on or off. Once in Device Mode, you can choose specific device brands or customize the display height and width.
Note the warning in the Google Chrome Device Mode documentation:
Warning: Device Mode gives you a close approximation as to how your site will look on a mobile device, but to get the full picture you should always test your site on real devices. DevTools can't emulate the performance characteristics of mobile devices, for example.
Other device simulators and emulators
If you search the internet for device simulators and emulators you'll find a number of solutions. Sauce Labs has a good description of the difference between simulators and emulators.
Device emulators provide the most faithful virtual results but can be expensive and time-consuming. There are professional services that provide device simulators and emulators in the Cloud for a fee, which can be a big time saver.
If you're very serious about device testing, it's worthwhile to develop a device testing plan to decide in advance which devices you will test and how that testing will be done. If you certify specific devices as part of your client contract, it's also helpful to provide a clause about what you will do if there are problems in spite of certification and also set a time limit on the certification. Devices and software change so quickly that the situation can be quite different a month down the road.
If you're a developer, it's also worthwhile to decide at what point you will start your testing program to test your code. For example, you might not want to start tweaking custom CSS for mobile devices on the basis of the Beaver Builder preview, but you should decide how far you're going to go up the testing ladder before you decide how to change your code.